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ArthriPhase:
New Advanced Arthritis Support Formula
Jim English
Arthritis is a generic term for
more than 100 different disorders, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid
arthritis, gout and fibromyalgia. Osteoarthritis, or wear-and-tear
arthritis, is the most prevalent and disabling of all chronic
conditions, affecting approximately 80 percent of all U.S. adults
over 65.
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative
joint disease involving the loss of articular cartilage, the
smooth, slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones to allow
them to slide smoothly across each other as joints bend and flex.
Osteoarthritis can be caused by
a variety of conditions (diabetes) or as a result of age-related
thinning of cartilage. Obesity, which exerts mechanical stress
on knee joints, is a recognized risk factor for osteoarthritis.
Additionally, physical trauma, surgery, sports and occupational
injuries are important factors for developing secondary osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis begins as a normal
inflammatory response intended to protect joint tissues. For
reasons not fully understood, the process goes awry, leading
to degenerative changes in articular cartilage that cause the
tissues to soften and swell up, making the cartilage less resistant
to compressive forces and more susceptible to normal stresses.
Continued use of the joint further inflames the surrounding synovial
membranes and irritates the cartilage, leaving the once-smooth
surface covered with pits and crevasses that further compromise
the affected joint. Eventually, articular cartilage can be completely
stripped from the bones, necessitating joint fusion or surgical
replacement with artificial joints.
Treatment
Options for Arthritis
There is currently no cure for arthritis and conventional medicine
has little to offer beyond exercise (to increase joint flexibility),
weight control (to reduce physical stress on the knees), and
over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription anti-inflammatory and
painkiller drugs to aid in managing arthritic symptoms.
NSAIDs
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs) continue to be the primary treatment options for arthritic
inflammation and pain. Unfortunately, popular over-the-counter
NSAIDs such as aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen, can cause stomach
ulcers, GI bleeding and perforations when taken for extended
periods. Additionally, NSAIDs block the synthesis of new collagen
matrix, the body's main cartilage repair mechanism. By inhibiting
this natural regenerative process, NSAIDs can temporarily dull
pain and allow users to use their damaged joints completely
unaware that they are actually speeding up the destruction of
joint cartilage. In time, continuing joint damage exceeds
the ability of NSAIDs to control pain, leading the patient to
seek out more powerful analgesic agents.
COX-2
Inhibitors
The introduction of a new class of NSAIDs
known as COX-2 inhibitors was initially hailed as a breakthrough
in arthritic pain treatment due to their analgesic properties
and a general lack of gastrointestinal side effects. COX-2 inhibitors
work by reducing prostaglandins (chemical messengers) that cause
pain and swelling. Unfortunately, COX-2 inhibitors also tend
to increase risks of heart attacks and stroke by suppressing
blood vessel dilation (vasodilation) and promoting formation
of dangerous blood clots (thromboses).
Alternative
Arthritis Options
Because of the risks associated with prescription
and over-the-counter NSAIDs, use of alternative therapies, such
as acupuncture, nutritional supplements and medicinal herbs,
has risen sharply. Dissatisfied arthritis patients seeking nutritional
support for arthritis have a wide range of choices, including
natural compounds such as glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, MSM
and SAMe. Still, many find that success can be a hit or miss
affair, requiring both luck and trial and error to determine
which combination of supplements is most effective. Additionally,
as with drugs, use of some supplements may be contraindicated
due to interactions with pharmaceutical medications (i.e., warfarin,
antidepressant drugs) and degenerative diseases such as diabetes
and heart disease.
A
Natural Alternative for Safe Pain Relief
Concern over the side effects associated
with conventional arthritis therapies has sparked a renewed scientific
interest in traditional natural arthritis remedies. A review
of leading Chinese and English language medical journals reveals
a surprising number of recently published studies detailing new
insights into the biological and biochemical mechanisms of Chinese
herbs historically used to safely relieve arthritic inflammation,
pain and swelling.
Drawing
on this wealth of new data, a team of Chinese medical researchers
developed a new, advanced multi-herb formula that demonstrates
a range of benefits previously unobtainable from conventional
or alternative arthritis therapies. This formula, ArthriPhase™, is
now available in the United States.
While
each of the 12 herbs comprising the formula has a long history
of use in traditional Chinese medicine, the unique efficacy
demonstrated by ArthriPhase relies on each of the
ingredients working in concert with the others to act on
multiple biochemical pathways to provide analgesic, anti-inflammatory,
and circulatory benefits. Since ArthriPhase does
not rely on a single chemical in large quantity, like a drug,
to get results, it is also very safe to use. The following
is a brief review of specific benefits as revealed in recently
published studies.
Relieving
Chronic Arthritic Pains
Chronic pain is one of the most difficult
problems for those coping with arthritis. According to the CDC,
arthritic pain is the nation’s leading cause of chronic
disability, and nearly 19 million U.S. adults report that arthritic
pain severely limits their daily activities.
While
never pleasant, not all pain is bad. Short-term, acute pain
serves as the body’s alarm system, warning us of danger
(minor cuts, insect bites, etc) while enabling us to learn
from potentially damaging experiences. By contrast, the long-term
pain associated with arthritis is a fixed, constant presence
that is almost impossible to control.
Arthritic
pain begins when specialized receptors (nociceptors) are
activated following damage to joint tissues. This activation
results in the release of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins
and cytokines (chemical messengers) such as IL-1 and TNF-alpha.
These chemicals stimulate the release of additional inflammatory
enzymes that further damage cartilage while blocking the
body’s efforts to initiate repairs. As inflammation
worsens, joint tissues swell up and begin to compress pain
nerves, resulting in degenerative nerve damage that triggers
the release of even more inflammatory cytokines directly
into the nerve roots. Over time this process alters the very
structure of pain cells, causing them to become sensitized
to the constant stimulus (Fig. 1). This process results in
a lowering of pain threshold that directly amplifies pain
signals while increasing sensitivity to pressure and temperature.
In other words, the pain persists even after the original
painful stimulus is no longer present.
Inflammation-induced
pain responds poorly to currently available analgesics,
making new compounds capable of relieving chronic
arthritic pain an important target of intensive
drug development.
One
of the most important subjects of ongoing drug
research involves a type of cell structure called
a sodium channel. By controlling the flow of ions
into and out of pain receptors (nociceptive neurons)
sodium channels play a key role in the generation
of pain signals. Blocking these sodium channels
inhibits the transmission of pain signals from
the nociceptive neurons, resulting in a localized
anesthetic action and subsequent pain relief.
Of
the 12 herbs comprising the ArthriPhase formula,
seven demonstrate significant analgesic activity
in animal studies. These herbs – Gastrodia,
Tang-kuei, Notopterygium, Cyathula, Angelica Dahurica,
Aconite and Scrophularia – have
all been shown in animal studies to act on nociceptive
neurons and pain pathways to relieve pain and calm
over-sensitized nervous systems.
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Aconite exhibits
especially potent analgesic properties, according
to a recent study conducted by researchers with
the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative
and Pain Medicine at Harvard Medical School.
Their research reveals that one of the active
ingredients in aconite – Bulleyaconitine
A, or BLA – strongly reduces sodium
channel currents to block overactive pain signals
for prolonged periods of time. In China, BLA
has been approved for the treatment of chronic
pain and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Scrophularia has
demonstrated a powerful painkilling ability equal
to that of cortisone and twice as effective as
indomethacin, a popular NSAID used to treat arthritis.
As with the other herbal ingredients, scrophularia
exerts these significant analgesic effects with
virtually no side effects.
Controlling
Inflammation with ArthriPhase
Inflammation is the body’s
front line defense against infection and damage. The
five primary symptoms of inflammation – redness,
heat, swelling, pain, and restriction of movement – are
signs that the body is bringing in more blood and immune
resources, such as white blood cells and macrophages,
to remove microorganisms and other foreign matter.
Redness is a sign that vasodilation is allowing more
blood and other fluids to reach the affected area;
local heat reflects the increased flow of warm blood
from deep within the body; swelling (edema) is caused
by the local accumulation of fluids; pain and restricted
mobility arise from the added pressure caused by the
swelling.
With
osteoarthritis, inflammation is initially triggered
either by trauma or irritation resulting from age-related
damage to joint tissues. With the onset of inflammation
the immune system responds by releasing additional
pro-inflammatory factors (i.e., TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma,
IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, LTB(4), and NO) that accelerate
cartilage damage. In time the cartilage begins
to degrade, shedding pieces of cartilage throughout
the interior joint capsule. This new “foreign” material
is, in turn, targeted for destruction by the immune
system, further fueling the inflammatory response
as the body struggles to eliminate the cellular
debris. In time this process results in the eventual
destruction of the joint.
Each
of the herbs in ArthriPhase has been shown
to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties.
While specific mechanisms are unique to each herb
(Table 1), the extraordinary balance of herbs in ArthriPhase exerts
both short and long-term support for countering
inflammation, dampening pain, reducing swelling
and stiffness, and restoring cartilage integrity.
Three herbs of special interest include Tang-kuei,
Cyathula and Scrophularia.
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Tang-kuei has
been shown to reduce edema (swelling) in early
and late stages of inflammation by decreasing
leukocyte counts, neutrophil density, and interleukin-6
(IL-6) expression. Tang-kuei has also been found
to increase levels of PGD2, a important natural
anti-inflammatory prostaglandin. Most significantly,
Tang-kuei is a natural source of ferulic acid,
a potent antioxidant that protects cells from
damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) implicated
in the pathology and progression of arthritis.
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Cyathula inhibits
collagen-induced arthritis and acute edema. Most
significantly, two novel triterpene glycosides
isolated from cyathula have been shown to be
1,000 times more potent than Sialyl Lewis X (SleX),
an important blood group antigen that inhibits
excess recruitment of neutrophils to injured
tissues. This is an extremely important property.
With arthritis, when too many white blood cells
are recruited to an injured joint the neutrophils
attack and destroy healthy tissues, leading to
conditions such as septic shock and rheumatoid
arthritis.
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Scrophularia reduces
edema, cell infiltration and proliferation of
activated T-lymphocytes in damaged joint tissues.
Additionally, scrophularia has been shown to
inhibit a number of inflammatory factors, including
prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, NO, interleukin-1beta,
interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interferon-gamma
and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), but had
no negative effect on the production of interleukin-10,
a powerful anti-inflammatory cytokine. Moreover,
scrophularia is the source of a unique glycoterpenoid,
Verbascosaponin A, that is twice as potent as
the NSAID indomethacin for relieving inflammation
and pain..
Improved
Joint Circulation
Arthritis results in impaired
blood circulation to the joints, contributing to joint
deterioration, cold sensations, weakness and stiffness.
Advanced arthritis also inhibits ability to engage
in physical exercise, further contributing to poor
limb circulation. Arthritis-related changes to blood
chemistry also increase risks of developing blood clots
(thrombosis) in the veins and arteries, just the type
of condition aggravated by COX-2 inhibitor drugs.
ArthriPhase contains
several herbal ingredients shown to counter the
negative effects of arthritic inflammation on circulation.
One herb, gastrodia, has been shown to interact
with human fibrinogen to act as a natural anticoagulant.
By inhibiting interactions between fibrin molecules,
gastrodia effectively inhibits the formation of
arthritic-related thrombosis (blood clots) without
interfering with normal clotting required for tissue
maintenance.
In
addition to improving blood flow to the joints, ArthriPhase’s circulatory
benefits contribute to the overall safety profile
of the formula, particularly when juxtaposed with
the side-effects for conventional pain-killing
and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Relaxing
Joint Muscles and Supporting Collagen Synthesis
Arthritis causes painful swelling
and stiffness that restricts joint movement. In time,
limited movement leads to atrophy of the muscles surrounding
the joints due to lack of use. Several herbs have been
shown to relax arthritic joint muscles. Tang-kuei,
in particular, has been shown in animal studies to
exert a muscle relaxant effect to relax muscles and
aid in restoring joint mobility.
Additionally,
the herb eucommia has been shown to support recovery
of joint mobility by promoting collagen synthesis.
Researchers working with extracts of eucommia report
that collagen synthesis was significantly increased
when the herb was administered to laboratory rats
raised to model age-related loss of joint cartilage.
Human
Studies
In human clinical trials ArthriPhase has
been shown to be highly effective in exerting a wide
range of benefits, including anti-inflammatory, vasculoprotective,
and immunomodulatory effects in arthritis and related
diseases. In one study, 310 patients suffering arthritic
joint pain received ArthriPhase for a period
of 30 days. After only ten days, 70% of the patients
reported marked reductions in primary arthritic pain.
After 30 days, fully 50% of the patients had normal
ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) values. ESR is
an important diagnostic test for measuring inflammation
in arthritis. An increased ESR corresponds to increased
non-specific inflammation in the body. Additionally,
the blood test for rheumatoid factor (RF), a diagnostic
marker for rheumatoid arthritis, had turned from positive
to negative in 24 of 38 patients.
Immediate
Benefits
The first benefit of the triple-acting
ingredients is to provide quick pain relief. This fast-acting
relief indicates that the analgesic, anti-inflammatory
and circulatory actions are starting to reduce joint
pain.
Long-Term
Benefits
With continued use, people with
arthritis can expect to see some long-term benefits
when taking ArthriPhase daily for arthralgia
in their joints. These improvements are also attributable
to the triple-action benefits of the formula. In addition
to enhancing comfort and flexibility, ArthriPhase users
have also reported additional benefits, including memory
improvement, normalization of blood pressure levels,
and antispasmodic and sedative effects.
Short-Term
Benefits
ArthriPhase supports restoration
of healthy joint function while reducing pain, inflammation
and swelling. The herbs in ArthriPhase contain
multiple active ingredients that contribute to the
overall benefits of the formula. The success of the
formula relies on multiple beneficial actions exerted
on many different chemical pathways to provide analgesic,
anti-inflammatory, and circulatory benefits.
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